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Lowell

New England industrialists hired thousands of young farm girls to work together in early textile mills—and spawned a host of unintended consequences.

In June 1833, President Andrew Jackson, visiting the brand-new factory town of Lowell, Massachusetts, watched as 2500 female mill workers marched past the balcony of his hotel.

Its waters drove our first Industrial Revolution, and were poisoned by it. Henry David Thoreau believed that the Merrimack might not run pure again for thousands of years, but today, it is a welcoming pathway through a hundred-mile-long red-brick museum of America’s rise to power.

Proud and independent, the farm girls of New England helped build an industrial Eden, but its paternalistic innocence was not to last

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