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Congress forbade living persons from appearing on paper currency in 1866, after an unpopular Treasury Department official put himself on the five-cent note.
The extravaganza celebrating the nation’s first century was the greatest cultural event of America’s Gilded Age.
At the nation’s pivotal moment — the Civil War — two seventeenth-century vessels kept sailing through the American mind: the Mayflower and the slaver White Lion. Their wakes still cut our waters.
Our Founders profoundly transformed the way people participate in government.
America 250!
Revolution Song | Fall 2019 - George Washington Prize Books, Vol 64, No 5
By Russell ShortoThe American War for Independence was part of an international trend -- a new focus on the individual that inspired people to new insights, new proclamations, and new assertions of rights.
Drama at the Old North Bridge | Spring 2025, Vol 70, No 2
By Rick Atkinson“Now the war has begun and no one knows when it will end,” said one minuteman after the fight.
The Shots Heard Round the World | Spring 2025, Vol 70, No 2
By John FerlingWhat began as a civil war within the British Empire continued until it became a wider conflict affecting peoples and countries across Europe and North America.
What Does “Consent of the Governed” Actually Mean? | Summer 2026, Vol 71, No 3
By Gordon S. WoodOur Founders profoundly transformed the way people participate in government.
Making Sense of the Fourth of July | July/August 1997, Vol 48, No 4
By Pauline MaierThe Declaration of Independence is not what Thomas Jefferson thought it was when he wrote it, and that's why we celebrate it.
Classic Essays from the Archives
Columbus and Genocide | October 1975, Vol 26, No 6
By Edward T. StoneThe discoverer of the New World was responsible for the annihilation of the peaceful Arawak Indians
The Slave Who Sued for Freedom | March 1990, Vol 41, No 2
By Jon SwanWhile the American Revolution was still being fought, Mum Bett declared that the new nation’s principle of liberty must extend to her, too. It took 80 years and a far-more-terrible war to confirm the rights that she had demanded.
Two Intimate Enemies | September 2000, Summer 2025, Vol 51, No 5
By Joseph J. EllisWhen John Adams was elected president, and Thomas Jefferson as vice president, each came to see the other as a traitor. Out of their enmity grew our modern political system.
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